Genital herpes is a contagious viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus, the same virus responsible for cold sores. It is transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person, or following oral sex with someone suffering from active cold sores.
Infection with the virus can occur with or without symptoms. The first attack is often called the initial or primary infection and symptoms are generally more severe than those experienced in recurrent episodes.
Once infected, the virus remains in the body and recurrent episodes occur when the virus is reactivated. These recurrent episodes are generally milder than the primary infection and usually only last between 3 to 5 days.
Antiviral treatments are usually given at the primary infection to reduce the length and severity of the attack. Recurrent attacks are usually mild and require no treatment. Long-term antiviral treatments may be prescribed if recurrent attacks are frequent and severe.
